Carriers consider all SMS traffic from Twilio to be sent from an application, so anyone using a 10DLC number with Twilio to send SMS messages to the US will need to register. This includes individuals and hobbyists using Twilio.
Ten-digit long code numbers in the US were originally designed for person to person (P2P) communication. These routes were unregulated, and in recent years have started seeing abuse from spam applications and unsolicited messaging.
Due to the increase in spam messages, many consumers have lost trust in SMS as a form of communication. US A2P 10DLC is the standard that carriers have implemented in the US to regulate this communication pathway.